Temascaltepec (formally: Temascaltepec de Gonzalez, for Plutarco Gonzalez) is a city and seat of the municipality of Temascaltepec located in south of the State of Mexico in Mexico. It is 66 km (41 mi) southeast of Toluca and 140 km (87 mi), from Mexico City. Temascaltepec comes from the Náhuatl “temazcalli,” which means “steam bath,” and “tepetl,” which means “hill.” The Matlazincas named the area “Cocalostoc,” which means ‘cave of crows’..
The first people known to live in Temascaltepec area were the prehispanic group Matlazincas and probably founded the village were the modern town stands. During the Spanish conquest, it was delegated to Andres de Tapia in 1556, with its first church built in 1559. The town grew after the discovery of silver deposits, and the area was a rich provider of minerals, including silver during the colonial era until after the Mexican War of Independence.
In 1858, by decree of the state government, Temascaltepec was elevated to the category of town, and in 1861 was named Temascaltepec de Gonzalez in honor of Plutarco Gonzalez, a leader in the time of La Reforma. However, it is still known simply as Temascaltepec. The population of the town as of 2005 was 2,253.
Temascaltepec has 547.5 km2 of surface area. It borders the municipalities of Valle de Bravo, Amanalco de Becerra, TTejupilco, San Simon de Guerrero, Texcaltitlán, Zinacantepec, Coatepec Harinas, and Zacazonapan. Temascaltepec’s population was 26,968 in 1990, but rose to 30,336 by 2005, according to INEGI.

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