San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán

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San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán (or San Lorenzo) is the collective name for three related archaeological sites — San Lorenzo, Tenochtitlán,and Potrero Nuevo — located in the southeast portion of the Mexican state of Veracruz. From 1200 BCE to 900 BCE, it was the major center of Olmec culture. San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán is best known today for the colossal stone heads unearthed there, the greatest of which weigh 20 tons or more and are 3 meters high.
The site should not be confused with Tenochtitlan, the Aztec site in Mexico City.
San Lorenzo was the largest city in Mesoamerica from roughly 1200 BCE to 900 BCE, at which time it had begun to be overtaken by the Olmec center of La Venta. By 800 BCE, there was little or no population, although there was an important recolonization of the San Lorenzo plateau from 600 to 400 BCE and again from circa 800 to 1000 CE.
Built on some 700 hectares of high ground between then-active tributaries, the core of San Lorenzo covers 55 hectares that were further modified through extensive filling and leveling; by one estimate half-a-million to 2 million cubic meters of earthen fill were needed, moved by the basketload.
San Lorenzo also boasted an elaborate drainage system which used buried, covered, channeled stones as a type of “pipe”. Some researchers have inferred that the purpose of this system was not only to provide drinking water for the population but for ritual purposes as well, and that the rulership was “intimately linked to the figure of a patron water supernatural”.
The archaeological sites of San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán can be visited Monday to Sunday, from 8:00 to 15:00 hours local time.

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