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The Cathedral of León, also known as the Real e Insigne Basilica Catedral de León Nicaragua,(Real and renowned Basilica Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary) is a significantly important and historic landmark in Nicaragua. The Cathedral was awarded World Heritage Site status with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The site’s nomination is Nicaragua’s third cultural landmark, following the ruins of León Viejo and El Güegüense .
The Cathedral’s construction lasted between 1747 and 1814 and was consecrated by Pope Pius IX in 1860. Cathedral has maintained the status of being the largest cathedral in Central America and one of the best known in the Americas due to its distinct architecture and special cultural importance.
The architectural design was elaborated in 1762 by the Guatemalan architect Diego José of Porres and Esquivel. It blends the Baroque and Neoclassicism styles with some influences of Gothic, Renaissance and Mudejar styles. Thus the building can be categorized as belonging to Eclecticism style. The cathedral is distinguished to have a rectangular plan, of a type generalized in those centuries and similar to those of the cathedrals of Lima and the Cuzco, Peru. The towers and the facade belong to Neoclassicism style. Cathedral has five ships, ten arched tracts, two towers in their facade and a parish. The sacrarium is located almost parallel to the biggest altar whose salient it breaks the rectangular symmetry.
Cathedral has historical value to be, from 1531, the Episcopal headquarters of first o’clock diocese of the Catholic Church in Nicaragua, for what is one of the oldest dioceses in America. It is the headquarters of the Diócesis of León.
Under their arcades, in their crypts designed to support those earthquakes, the mortal remains of 27 people rest, among them 10 bishops, 5 priests, an eminent person of the independence, three poets, a musician, six notables and a slave.
Here are buried prominent Nicaraguan people, such as Miguel Larreynaga, poets Rubén Darío, Salomón de la Selva and Alfonso Cortés, the musician José de la Cruz Mena, doctor Luis H. Debayle, professor Edgardo Buitrago, the first bishop from León and last of Nicaragua monsignor Simeón Pereira and Castellón and the priest Marcelino areas. The tomb of Darío, father of the modernism and considered Príncipe of the letters castellanas, it is to the foot of the statue of San Pablo.
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