Bauska is a town in Bauska municipality, in the Zemgale region of southern Latvia. The town is situated at the confluence of the rivers Mūsa and Mēmele where they form the Lielupe River. Bauska is located 66 km from the Latvian capital Riga and 20 km from the Lithuanian border.
The city is known in German as Bauske and in Lithuanian as Bauskė.
The territory around Bauska was originally inhabited by Semigallian tribes. In the mid-15th century, Bauska Castle was built by Germans of the Livonian Order. The city started developing in its present day location around 1580, receiving its city rights in 1609.
After the Livonian War Bauska became part of the Duchy of Courland. The castle and city suffered heavily in the 17th and 18th centuries, under attack from Sweden in the Polish-Swedish War and the Russians in the Great Northern War. In 1711 an outbreak of plague ravaged Bauska, exterminating half of the population, and war returned once more in 1812, when Bauska became one of Napoleon’s army’s transit point en route to Moscow.
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