Bush Barrow

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Bush Barrow is a site of the early British Bronze Age (ca. 2000 BC), at the western end of the Normanton Down Barrows cemetery. It is among the most important sites of the Stonehenge complex. It was excavated in 1808 by Sir Richard Colt Hoare and William Cunnington. The finds are displayed at Wiltshire Heritage Museum in Devizes. The barrow contained a male skeleton with rich funerary goods, including a large ‘lozenge’-shaped sheet of gold, a sheet gold belt plate, three bronze daggers, a bronze axe, a stone macehead and bronze rivets.
One bronze dagger has a hilt that was decorated by as many as 140,000 gold pins set to make a herringbone pattern. The finds have been called “Britain’s first Crown Jewels” belonging to the “king of Stonehenge”. The design of the artifact known as the Bush Barrow Lozenge, and the smaller lozenge, has been shown to be based on a hexagon construction. Detailed analysis of the design has shown both the shape and the decorative panels to have been created by repeating hexagons within a series of three concentric circles (each framing the series of smaller decorative panels).
The precision and accuracy displayed by the work demonstrates both a sophisticated tool kit and a sound knowledge of geometric form. The myriad of minute fine gold wire pins set within the dagger handle (above) is further testimony to the sophisticated level of skill and expertise of contemporary Bronze Age artisans. A similar gold lozenge from Clandon Barrow, in Dorset, used a decagon in its design. The barrow is one of the “associated sites” in the World Heritage Site covering Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (Cultural, ID 373, 1986).

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