Pella an ancient Greek City located in Pella Prefecture of Macedonia in Greece, was the capital of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia. A common folk etymology is traditionally given for the name Pella, ascribing it to a form akin to the Doric Apella, originally meaning a ceremonial location where decisions were made. However, the local form of Greek was not Doric, and the word exactly matches standard Greek pella “stone”, possibly referring to a famous landmark from the time of its foundation. Another proposed etymology is that Pella originally meant “defensible citadel on a cliff”, and this etymology is backed by the numerous ancient cities throughout Greece with similar name i.e.
Pellana, Pallene, Palle, Pelle, Pelion, Palamede, Pellene, etc. The word Polis is most probably derived from that ancient meaning. The city was founded in 399 BC by King Archelaus (413–399 BC) as the capital of his kingdom, replacing the older palace-city of Aigai (Vergina). After this, it was the seat of the king Philip II and of Alexander, his son. In 168 BC, it was sacked by the Romans, and its treasury transported to Rome. Later, the city was destroyed by an earthquake and eventually was rebuilt over its ruins. By 180 AD, Lucian could describe it in passing as “now insignificant, with very few inhabitants”.

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